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1.
Saude e pesqui. (Impr.) ; 13(1): 75-82, jan/mar 2020. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1052902

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo objetivou analisar as condições socioeconômicas, de saúde e hábitos de vida dos catadores de material reciclável em duas cooperativas no município de Guanambi - Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza descritiva, analítica e exploratória e todos os catadores foram entrevistados por meio de um questionário semiestruturado. Houve predominância da faixa etária entre 30 a 58 anos (80%) (p = 0,007), pardos (55%) (p = 0,02), casados (45%) (p = 0,02), com 2 a 3 filhos (55%) (p = 0,03). Os catadores informaram que começaram a trabalhar com menos de 18 anos (85%) (p = 0,002), e recebem uma renda mensal de até 1 salário mínimo com o trabalho de reciclagem (75%) (p = 0,02). Em relação às condições de saúde, 75% afirmaram que possuem Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI) (p = 0,02), no entanto 80% (p = 0,02) não utilizaram o EPI e não consideram que seu trabalho pode provocar problema de saúde (75%) (p = 0,02). Percebe-se que os catadores de material reciclável precisam intensificar o uso dos EPI's, visando minimizar os danos com a saúde, além de melhorias na renda e na qualidade de vida.


The social, economic, health and lifestyle conditions of collectors of recyclable material from two coops in Guanambi, Brazil, are analyzed through a descriptive, analytic and exploratory research. All collectors were interviewed by a half-structured questionnaire. Predominant age bracket lay between 30 and 58 years (80%) (p= 0.007), brown colored (55%) (p= 0.02), married (45%) (p= 0.02), with 2 - 3 children (55%) (p= 0.03). Collectors informed that they started work when they were under 18 years old and received a month wage of up to one minimum wage, by collecting recycling material (75%) (p= 0.02). With regard to health conditions, 75% stated that had individual protection equipment (EPI) (p= 0.02), but 80% (p= 0.02) failed to use it, insisting that their work does not cause health problems (75%) (p= 0.02). It should be underscored that collectors should improve their earnings and life quality and use their equipments to minimize health risks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Occupational Risks , Solid Waste , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Status
2.
Acta méd. colomb ; 42(4): 230-236, oct.-dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-886373

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: conocer el autorreporte de diabetes en la población de adultos mayores de la ciudad de Bogotá y su asociación con variables sociodemográficas, del estado de salud y medidas antropométricas. Diseño: estudio observacional y poblacional de corte transversal analítico. Marco de referencia: datos del estudio SABE (Encuesta de Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) Bogotá, Colombia. Participantes: mil novecientos noventa y nueve personas de 60 años o más de Bogotá, Colombia. Mediciones: variables sociodemográficas, enfermedades, hábitos, actividad física, tratamiento, evaluación cognitiva y afectiva, estado funcional y medidas antropométricas. Se realizaron análisis bivariados y multivariados con el paquete estadístico SAS (versión 9.4). Resultados: las personas tenían edad promedio de 71.2 ±8.0 y 62% eran mujeres; el 17.5% autorreportó diagnóstico de diabetes. En el análisis multivariado, la diabetes estuvo asociada con la presencia de hipertensión (OR = 1.62 95% intervalos de confianza IC = 1.20-1.18), catarata (OR = 1.71 95% IC = 1.24-2.36) y con perímetro abdominal aumentado (OR = 1.03 95% IC = 1.021.04). También estuvo asociada con una menor fuerza de agarre (OR = 0.98 95% IC = 0.96-0.99). Conclusión: la prevalencia de DM según autorreporte en Bogotá se encuentra en 17.5% de la población encuestada y representa una de las prevalencias más altas dentro de las ciudades latinoamericanas y del Caribe en donde se llevó a cabo el estudio SABE. (Acta Med Colomb 2017; 42: 230-236).


Abstract Objective: to know the self-report of diabetes in the elderly population of the city of Bogotá and its association with sociodemographic variables, health status and anthropometric measures. Design: population-based observational analytical cross-sectional study. Reference frame: data from the SABE study (Health, Well-being and Aging Survey) Bogotá, Colombia. Participants: one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine people aged 60 or more from Bogotá, Colombia. Measurements: sociodemographic variables, diseases, habits, physical activity, treatment, cognitive and affective evaluation, functional status and anthropometric measurements. Bi-varied and multivariate analyzes were performed with the statistical package SAS (version 9.4). Results: patients had an average age of 71.2 ± 8.0 and 62% were women; 17.5% made self-report diagnosis of diabetes. In the multivariate analysis, diabetes was associated with the presence of hypertension (OR = 1.62 CI 95% confidence intervals = 1.20-1.18), cataract (OR = 1.71 IC 95% = 1.24-2.36) and increased abdominal circumference (OR = 1.03 IC 95% = 1.02-1.04). It was also associated with lower grip strength (OR = 0.98 95% IC = 0.96-0.99). Conclusion: the prevalence of DM according to self-report in Bogotá is found in 17.5% of the surveyed population and represents one of the highest prevalence in the Latin American and Caribbean cities where the SABE study was carried out. (Acta Med Colomb 2017; 42: 230-236).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Diabetes Mellitus
3.
Univ. psychol ; 11(1): 229-239, ene.-abr. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-659560

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar niveles de burnout en educadoras de párvulos, en función de los tipos de personalidad y de las dependencias administrativas. Se diseñó un estudio no experimental, transversal descriptivo. Se evaluó el nivel de burnout con la versión MBI para profesores y los estilos de personalidad con el instrumento NEO- Five Factors Inventory. Se incluyó un cuestionario de variables sociodemográfi-cas. Por medio de ANOVA de una vía se demostró que existen diferencias en el nivel de agotamiento emocional entre educadoras de dependencias administrativas municipal y privada (p < 0.05). Se encontraron diferencias en el puntaje total de burnout entre los estilos de personalidad "espectador" y "escéptico" (p < 0.05), y en agotamiento emocional entre los estilos "es-céptico" y "complicado" (p < 0.05). Los resultados sugieren prestar atención a las educadoras de dependencia municipal y aquellas que puntúan alto en neuroticismo, pues parecen más propensas a experimentar burnout.


With the purpose to determine differences in burnout's level as function of personalities types and attendance in public or private school, a non-experimental study was designed. Burnout levels were measured with the MBI teacher's version and personalities types with the NEO-Five Factors Inventory. A set of socio-demographic variables was included. By means of ANOVA ONEWAY, differences were found in emotional exhaustion among kindergarten teachers who work in public and private school (p < 0.05). Differences were also found between spectator and skeptic personality types in burnout levels, and between skeptic and complicated types in emotional exhaustion (p < 0.05). These results emphasize the relevance to give attention to public school's educator and those who had high neuroticism's levels because they tend to have more burnout.

4.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 53(4): 368-373, out.-dez. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-566939

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As fraturas da tíbia são comuns. Muitas necessitam tratamento conservador. O trabalho tem como objetivo verificar o perfil epidemiológico das fraturas de tíbia tratadas cirurgicamente. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo transversal através da avaliação epidemiológica em prontuários de 50 pacientes operados no Hospital Independência no período de 5 anos. Resultados: Dos 50 pacientes, 39 (78%) eram do sexo masculino e 11(22%), do feminino. Quanto à idade, observamos que há mais fraturas em pacientes entre 26 e 36 anos (30%). A idade média dos pacientes foi de 37,4 anos, com um desvio-padrão de 14,8 anos. Não houve diferença significativa quando analisamos a idade média entre os sexos. Podemos constatar também que os pacientes operados por fratura de tíbia eram em sua maioria solteiros (52%). Em relação à cor do paciente, observamos que houve prevalência em pacientes da cor negra (50%). Conclusão: As fraturas de tíbia, tratadas cirurgicamente no Hospital Independência entre 2001 e 2005, foram mais frequentes em pacientes jovens e com trauma de alta energia.


Introduction: Tibia fractures are common and often require conservative treatment. This work was designed to determine the epidemiological profile of the fractures of the tibia treated surgically. Methods: A descriptive, transversal study carried out through the epidemiological evaluation of the medical records of 50 patients operated in a 5-year period. Results: Of the 50 patients, 39 (78%) were males and 11 (22%) were females. As for age, it was found that there were more fractures in the 26-36 years bracket (30%). Patient mean age was 37.4 years with a standard deviation of 14.8 years. There was no significant gender difference as the mean age was analyzed. Most of the patients (52%) were single. Also, there was a prevalence of black patients (50%). Conclusion: The tibia fractures treated surgically in the Independência Hospital from 2001 to 2005 were more frequent in patients who were young and had highenergy trauma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Tibial Fractures/surgery , Tibial Fractures/complications , Tibial Fractures/diagnosis , Tibial Fractures/pathology , Tibial Fractures/psychology , Tibial Fractures/therapy , Prevalence , Tibia/pathology
5.
Odonto (Säo Bernardo do Campo) ; 16(31): 53-61, jan.-jun. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-542826

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o comportamento do adolescente em relação aos hábitos de higiene oral e a influência da variável socioeconômica no município de Caruaru-PE. Para isso foram entrevistados com um formulário semi-estruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas, 279 alunos, 139 de uma escola pública e 140 de uma escola particular no ano de 2006. O teste estatístico utilizado foi o Qui-quadrado. O cirurgião-dentista foi à principal fonte de informação sobre doenças bucais (80,2%). O número de escovações diárias, apresentou diferença significativa entre os dois tipos de escola, sendo que a maioria recebeu orientações do cirurgião-dentista sobre o assunto (96,1%) e um menor número quanto ao tipo de escova (58,1%), porém estes últimos sem diferença significativa. 94,9% respondeu que há situações em que demoram mais na escovação (p<0,05), sendo que as respostas ao sair e a ao sentir mau hálito apresentaram diferença signicativa entre os dois tipos de escola. Um percentual de 66,1% relatou fazer uso do fio dental (p<0,05) e recebeu orientação do cirurgião-dentista quanto ao assunto (63,3%), p>0,05. O período da última consulta ao cirurgião-dentista (menos de um ano, 62,2%), a prevenção (52,2%) e a obturação (21%) como motivo da consulta foram os dados que apresentaram diferença significativa entre os dois tipos de escola. Estudos regionais, com vistas a contribuir com a implementação de programas em saúde bucal, na tentativa de reversão dos índices insatisfatórios, assim como possibilitar a elaboração de indicadores de saúde bucal na adolescência se fazem necessários.


The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of adolescents in respect to the habits of oral hygiene and the influence of the socioeconomic variable in the city of Caruaru-PE. 279 students were interviewed with a semi-structured form, with open and closed questions, 139 from a public school and 140 from a private school, in 2006. The statistical test used was the Chi-square. The dental surgeon was the main source of information on mouth diseases ( 80.2%). The number of daily brushing presented a significant difference in each type of school, the majority receiving orientation from the dental surgeon on the subject (96.1%) and a smaller number on the type of toothbrush (58.1%), although these without a significant difference. 94.9% answered that there are situations in which they take longer brushing (p>0.05), but the answers when going out and halitosis showed a significant difference in the two types of school. A percentage of 66.1% reported to use dental floss (p<0.05) and received orientation from the dental surgeon on the subject (63.3%), p>0.05. The period of the last consult to the dental surgeon (less than a year, 62.2%), prevention (52.2%) and fillings (21%) as motive for the consult were the data that presented significant difference in the types of school. Regional studies, with the intent of contributing to the implementation of oral health programs, attempting to reverse unsatisfactory indexes, as well as to make possible the elaboration of oral health indicators in adolescence are necessary.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Dental Health Surveys , Oral Health , Oral Hygiene , Socioeconomic Factors , Dental Devices, Home Care , Halitosis , Demography , Toothbrushing
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